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来源：天天彩票代理2021-08-05 17:48

种植牙告别“万元时代” 多地公布种植牙集采目标价格******

　　多地公布种植牙集采落地日期和目标价格

　　最高不超4500元种植牙告别“万元时代”

　　“万元种植牙”时代将落幕。北京青年报记者2月2日了解到，近日河南、安徽等多省医保局发布通知，公布种植牙集采落地日期和目标价格等。其中，湖南、河北等省更是已经于1月31日执行了种植牙的目标价格。

　　多地开始实施“种牙价格调控”

　　河南发布通知，明确自2023年2月10日起，单颗常规种植牙医疗服务价格全流程调控目标为4300元，单颗常规种植全流程费用不高于调控目标的97%。此外，广东省医保局也提出将单颗常规种植牙按照“诊查检查+种植体植入+牙冠置入”的医疗服务价格实施整体调控，全流程收费调整为政府指导价，最高价不超过4500元，其中粤东、粤西和粤北12个地市最高价不超过4300元。

　　而湖南省、河北省则已经于1月31日开始实施了“种牙价格调控”。其中，湖南省三级公立医疗机构单颗常规种植牙全流程医疗服务及药品总费用不超过4300元。河北省确定省级公立医疗机构调控目标为4300元。

　　安徽则将总费用控制在了4280元。根据安徽省发布通知，该省属三级公立医疗机构单颗常规种植牙全流程医疗服务及药品总费用不超过4280元，包含种植全过程的诊察费、生化检验、影像检查费、种植体植入费、牙冠置入费、麻醉费等，不包括拔牙、牙周洁治、根管治疗、植骨、软组织移植、即刻种植和即刻修复加收、颅颌面部种植体植入加收、临时冠修复植入、种植体系统及冠(义齿)费用。

　　收费名目透明化挤掉价格泡沫

　　北青报记者了解到，此前《国家医疗保障局关于开展口腔种植医疗服务收费和耗材价格专项治理的通知》。在专项治理通知中，曾经名目众多的种植牙收费渐渐规范化、透明化。通过专项治理，种植牙行业逐步实现更好评价、更好计价、更好监督的“阳光医疗”模式；医疗机构也走上了通过透明价格、规范管理、良好口碑等实现高质量发展的路径。该通知明确一颗种植牙的费用分为三个部分，即种植体耗材、牙冠耗材和医疗服务费用。国家医保局通过对公立医院设定调控目标，引导市场收取医疗服务费不超过4500元/颗。

　　收费名目的透明化，挤掉了因获客竞争等市场行为带来的价格泡沫。

　　带量采购破解“种牙贵”

　　今年1月11日，在四川开标的种植体系统集中带量采购，是破解“种牙贵”的又一举措。这次被称为“史上最难”的集采最终平稳落地，平均中选价格降至900余元，平均降幅55%。

　　据国家医保局信息显示，此次参与报量医疗机构多达1.8万家，其中民营机构1.4万家，占医疗机构总数80%，需求总量达287万套，约占国内年种植牙数量(400万颗)的72%，预计每年可节约患者费用40亿元左右。具体来看，参与投标企业达55家，其中39家拟中选，中选率达71%。

　　价格方面，拟中选产品中选价格区间在约600元至1850元左右。瑞士品牌士卓曼、美国品牌登士柏、瑞典品牌诺保科种植体系统从原采购中位价5000元降至1850元左右，市场需求量最大的韩国品牌奥齿泰和登腾种植体系统从原采购中位价1500元降至770元左右。

　　文/本报记者张鑫统筹/余美英

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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.